Small cell carcinoma

Introduction: A 58-year-old male was diagnosed in February 2021 with stage IIIC small-cell lung carcinoma (cT4 N3 M0). A definitive chemoradiotherapy regimen with curative intent was initiated, along with prophylactic whole-brain radiotherapy. However, after the first post-treatment imaging follow-up, progression to stage IV was observed. Case report: Over the four-year course of the disease, the patient received a total of seven lines of therapy. Notably, from May 2023 to January 2024, he was enrolled in the phase I DeLLphi-300 clinical trial, receiving third-line treatment with tarlatamab. A total of 12 cycles were administered until disease progression was confirmed. It is worth noting that the patient’s ECOG score was 1 until January 2025, at which point it declined to ECOG 3. Consequently, during the most recent follow-up visit (February 3, 2025), a decision was made to discontinue active oncologic treatment and transition to home-based palliative care under the supervision of the palliative care unit, marking four years since diagnosis. Conclusion: Tarlatamab has demonstrated an improvement in overall survival (OS), with a reported median of 20.3 months. These results are promising, particularly in the context of improving OS outcomes in the second-line setting and potentially even when used alongside first-line chemoimmunotherapy.